SQL SERVER DBA and Azure SQL

Audit SQL modifications and get notified in SQL Server

USE [DBA]
GO

/****** Object: DdlTrigger [object_change_notification] Script Date: 11/11/2019 8:24:11 AM ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

CREATE TRIGGER [object_change_notification]
ON DATABASE
FOR CREATE_TABLE,DROP_TABLE,ALTER_TABLE,CREATE_VIEW,DROP_VIEW,ALTER_VIEW,CREATE_PROCEDURE,DROP_PROCEDURE,ALTER_PROCEDURE
AS

Declare @Hostname varchar(20) = HOST_NAME()
DECLARE @sys_usr char(30) SET @sys_usr = SYSTEM_USER
Declare @executiontime datetime =getdate()
DECLARE @data XML = EVENTDATA()
DECLARE @eventType nvarchar(100)= CONCAT ('EVENT: ',@data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/EventType)[1]', 'nvarchar(100)'),+ CHAR(13))
DECLARE @TsqlCommand nvarchar(2000)=CONCAT('COMMAND: ',@data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/TSQLCommand)[1]', 'nvarchar(2000)'))
DECLARE @BodyMsg nvarchar(2100)=CONCAT(@eventType , @sys_usr, @Hostname ,@executiontime , @TsqlCommand)

EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail
@profile_name = 'ajaymail',
@recipients = 'ajeyudu.eee@gmail.com',
@body =@BodyMsg,
@subject = 'The following object(s) was/were changed';

GO

ENABLE TRIGGER [object_change_notification] ON DATABASE
GO

Transaction Filling Log Space in SQL Server

Today while working I encounter one of query's to find log space used by a transaction

Transaction causing log space filled most in database

/***************************************************************************************************/
SELECT tst.[session_id],
s.[login_name] AS [Login Name],
DB_NAME (tdt.database_id) AS [Database],
tdt.[database_transaction_begin_time] AS [Begin Time],
tdt.[database_transaction_log_record_count] AS [Log Records],
tdt.[database_transaction_log_bytes_used] AS [Log Bytes Used],
tdt.[database_transaction_log_bytes_reserved] AS [Log Bytes Rsvd],
SUBSTRING(st.text, (r.statement_start_offset/2)+1,
((CASE r.statement_end_offset
WHEN -1 THEN DATALENGTH(st.text)
ELSE r.statement_end_offset
END - r.statement_start_offset)/2) + 1) AS statement_text,
st.[text] AS [Last T-SQL Text],
qp.[query_plan] AS [Last Plan]
FROM sys.dm_tran_database_transactions tdt
JOIN sys.dm_tran_session_transactions tst
ON tst.[transaction_id] = tdt.[transaction_id]
JOIN sys.[dm_exec_sessions] s
ON s.[session_id] = tst.[session_id]
JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections c
ON c.[session_id] = tst.[session_id]
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests r
ON r.[session_id] = tst.[session_id]
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text (c.[most_recent_sql_handle]) AS st
OUTER APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan (r.[plan_handle]) AS qp
where DB_NAME (tdt.database_id) = 'tempdb'ORDER BY [Log Bytes Used] DESC;

/***************************************************************************************************/

------> Please modify database name

TOP 5 CPU-CONSUMING STATEMENTS In SQL Server

To quickly identifying which query is consuming more CPU can be found using below query.
/************************************/
SELECT TOP 5
qs.total_worker_time/(qs.execution_count*60000000) as [Avg CPU Time in mins],
qs.execution_count,
qs.min_worker_time/60000000 as [Min CPU Time in mins],
--qs.total_worker_time/qs.execution_count,
SUBSTRING(qt.text,qs.statement_start_offset/2,
(case when qs.statement_end_offset = -1
then len(convert(nvarchar(max), qt.text)) * 2
else qs.statement_end_offset end -qs.statement_start_offset)/2)
as query_text,
dbname=db_name(qt.dbid),
object_name(qt.objectid) as [Object name]
FROM
sys.dm_exec_query_stats qs cross apply
sys.dm_exec_sql_text(qs.sql_handle) as qt
ORDER BY
[Avg CPU Time in mins] DESC
/************************************/

How To Find Current Running Transaction In Sql Server

To find detailed info about queries running on sql server can be extracted using below queries.
/************************************/
use master
Go
SELECT
SPID,ER.percent_complete,
CAST(((DATEDIFF(s,start_time,GetDate()))/3600) as varchar) + ' hour(s), '
+ CAST((DATEDIFF(s,start_time,GetDate())%3600)/60 as varchar) + 'min, '
+ CAST((DATEDIFF(s,start_time,GetDate())%60) as varchar) + ' sec' as running_time,
CAST((estimated_completion_time/3600000) as varchar) + ' hour(s), '
+ CAST((estimated_completion_time %3600000)/60000 as varchar) + 'min, '
+ CAST((estimated_completion_time %60000)/1000 as varchar) + ' sec' as est_time_to_go,
DATEADD(second,estimated_completion_time/1000, getdate()) as est_completion_time,
ER.command,ER.blocking_session_id, SP.DBID,LASTWAITTYPE,
DB_NAME(SP.DBID) AS DBNAME,
SUBSTRING(est.text, (ER.statement_start_offset/2)+1,
((CASE ER.statement_end_offset
WHEN -1 THEN DATALENGTH(est.text)
ELSE ER.statement_end_offset
END - ER.statement_start_offset)/2) + 1) AS QueryText,
TEXT,CPU,HOSTNAME,LOGIN_TIME,LOGINAME,
SP.status,PROGRAM_NAME,NT_DOMAIN, NT_USERNAME
FROM SYSPROCESSES SP
INNER JOIN
sys.dm_exec_requests ER
ON sp.spid = ER.session_id
CROSS APPLY SYS.DM_EXEC_SQL_TEXT(er.sql_handle) EST
/************************************/

Detailed Blocking Information With Query Information In Sql Server

The servers which are extensively suffered from blocking are normal. To find detail info about blocking, You can use below query.

/************************************/
SELECT
owt.session_id AS waiting_session_id,
owt.blocking_session_id,
DB_NAME(tls.resource_database_id) AS database_name,
(SELECT SUBSTRING(est.[text], ers.statement_start_offset/2 + 1,
(CASE WHEN ers.statement_end_offset = -1
THEN LEN(CONVERT(nvarchar(max), est.[text])) * 2
ELSE ers.statement_end_offset
END
- ers.statement_start_offset
) / 2)
FROM sys.dm_exec_sql_text(ers.[sql_handle]) AS est) AS waiting_query_text,
CASE WHEN owt.blocking_session_id > 0
THEN (
SELECT
est.[text] FROM sys.sysprocesses AS sp
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sp.[sql_handle]) as est
WHERE sp.spid = owt.blocking_session_id)
ELSE
NULL
END AS blocking_query_text,
(CASE tls.resource_type
WHEN 'OBJECT' THEN OBJECT_NAME(tls.resource_associated_entity_id, tls.resource_database_id)
WHEN 'DATABASE' THEN DB_NAME(tls.resource_database_id)
ELSE (SELECT OBJECT_NAME(pat.[object_id], tls.resource_database_id)
FROM sys.partitions pat WHERE pat.hobt_id = tls.resource_associated_entity_id)
END
) AS object_name,
owt.wait_duration_ms,
owt.waiting_task_address,
owt.wait_type,
tls.resource_associated_entity_id,
tls.resource_description AS local_resource_description,
tls.resource_type,
tls.request_mode,
tls.request_type,
tls.request_session_id,
owt.resource_description AS blocking_resource_description,
qp.query_plan AS waiting_query_plan
FROM sys.dm_tran_locks AS tls
INNER JOIN sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks owt ON tls.lock_owner_address = owt.resource_address
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests ers ON tls.request_request_id = ers.request_id AND owt.session_id = ers.session_id
OUTER APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan(ers.[plan_handle]) AS qp
GO
/************************************/

Script To Collect Performance Metrics From SQL Server Query Analyzer

/*************************************************/
USE Master
GO
Create Table Perfmon (Object_name Varchar (200),
Counter_name varchar (300) , Instance_name varchar (100),
cntr_value bigint, cntr_type bigint , date varchar (20))
GO
Insert into Perfmon
SELECT object_name , counter_name , instance_name , cntr_value, cntr_type
, convert (varchar (20),getdate () , 120) as date
FROM sys.dm_os_performance_counters
WHERE OBJECT_NAME in
(
'MSSQL$Servername:Databases' ,
'MSSQL$Servername:General Statistics',
'MSSQL$Servername:Buffer Manager' ,
'MSSQL$Servername:Locks'
)
AND counter_name in
(
'Transactions/sec' ,'User Connections','Page life expectancy',
'Buffer cache hit ratio', 'Buffer cache hit ratio base' ,
'Free pages','Total pages','Target pages','Lock Wait Time (ms)'
)
Select @@servername
GO
Select *, case
when cntr_type = 65792 Then 'instant_value'
when cntr_type = 272696576 Then 'Incremental'
When cntr_type = 1073939712 Then 'Instant fraction'
When cntr_type = 537003264 Then 'Use this with Base value'
else 'null' end
from Master.dbo.perfmon
/*************************************************/

Script Generates A script to Create all Logins, Server Roles in SQL Server

This script is very useful if you are building the new server and want to replicate SQL Server security from another server.

This script originally authors by Greg Ryan, I have dome modification to only capture online databases.

/******************************************************************************/
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE
@sql nvarchar(max)
, @Line int = 1
, @max int = 0
, @@CurDB nvarchar(100) = ''

CREATE TABLE #SQL
(
Idx int IDENTITY
,xSQL nvarchar(max)
)

INSERT INTO #SQL
( xSQL
)
SELECT
'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.server_principals WHERE name = N'''
+ QUOTENAME(name) + ''')
' + ' CREATE LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME(name) + ' WITH PASSWORD='
+ sys.fn_varbintohexstr(password_hash) + ' HASHED, SID='
+ sys.fn_varbintohexstr(sid) + ', ' + 'DEFAULT_DATABASE='
+ QUOTENAME(COALESCE(default_database_name , 'master'))
+ ', DEFAULT_LANGUAGE='
+ QUOTENAME(COALESCE(default_language_name , 'us_english'))
+ ', CHECK_EXPIRATION=' + CASE is_expiration_checked
WHEN 1 THEN 'ON'
ELSE 'OFF'
END + ', CHECK_POLICY='
+ CASE is_policy_checked
WHEN 1 THEN 'ON'
ELSE 'OFF'
END + '
Go

'
FROM
sys.sql_logins
WHERE
name <> 'sa'

INSERT INTO #SQL
( xSQL
)
SELECT
'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.server_principals WHERE name = N'''
+ QUOTENAME(name) + ''')
' + ' CREATE LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME(name) + ' FROM WINDOWS WITH '
+ 'DEFAULT_DATABASE='
+ QUOTENAME(COALESCE(default_database_name , 'master'))
+ ', DEFAULT_LANGUAGE='
+ QUOTENAME(COALESCE(default_language_name , 'us_english'))
+ ';
Go

'
FROM
sys.server_principals
WHERE
type IN ( 'U' , 'G' )
AND name NOT IN ( 'BUILTIN\Administrators' ,
'NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM' );

PRINT '/*****************************************************************************************/'
PRINT '/*************************************** Create Logins ***********************************/'
PRINT '/*****************************************************************************************/'
SELECT
@Max = MAX(idx)
FROM
#SQL
WHILE @Line <= @max
BEGIN

SELECT
@sql = xSql
FROM
#SQL AS s
WHERE
idx = @Line
PRINT @sql

SET @line = @line + 1

END
DROP TABLE #SQL

CREATE TABLE #SQL2
(
Idx int IDENTITY
,xSQL nvarchar(max)
)

INSERT INTO #SQL2
( xSQL
)
SELECT
'EXEC sp_addsrvrolemember ' + QUOTENAME(L.name) + ', '
+ QUOTENAME(R.name) + ';
GO

'
FROM
sys.server_principals L
JOIN sys.server_role_members RM
ON L.principal_id = RM.member_principal_id
JOIN sys.server_principals R
ON RM.role_principal_id = R.principal_id
WHERE
L.type IN ( 'U' , 'G' , 'S' )
AND L.name NOT IN ( 'BUILTIN\Administrators' ,
'NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM' , 'sa' );

PRINT '/*****************************************************************************************/'
PRINT '/******************************Add Server Role Members *******************************/'
PRINT '/*****************************************************************************************/'
SELECT
@Max = MAX(idx)
FROM
#SQL2
SET @line = 1
WHILE @Line <= @max
BEGIN

SELECT
@sql = xSql
FROM
#SQL2 AS s
WHERE
idx = @Line
PRINT @sql

SET @line = @line + 1

END
DROP TABLE #SQL2

PRINT '/*****************************************************************************************/'
PRINT '/*****************Add User and Roles membership to Indivdual Databases********************/'
PRINT '/*****************************************************************************************/'

--Drop Table #Db
CREATE TABLE #Db
(
idx int IDENTITY
,DBName nvarchar(100)
);

INSERT INTO #Db
SELECT
name
FROM
master.sys.databases
where state_desc = 'ONLINE'
and name NOT IN ( 'Master' , 'Model' , 'msdb' , 'tempdb' )
ORDER BY
name;
SELECT
@Max = MAX(idx)
FROM
#Db
SET @line = 1
--Select * from #Db
--Exec sp_executesql @SQL

WHILE @line <= @Max
BEGIN
SELECT
@@CurDB = DBName
FROM
#Db
WHERE
idx = @line

SET @SQL = 'Use ' + @@CurDB + '

Declare @@Script NVarChar(4000) = ''''
DECLARE cur CURSOR FOR

Select ''Use ' + @@CurDB + ';
Go
IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.database_principals WHERE name = N'''''' +
mp.[name] + '''''')
CREATE USER ['' + mp.[name] + ''] FOR LOGIN ['' +mp.[name] + ''] WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA=[dbo]; ''+ CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) +
''GO'' + CHAR(13)+CHAR(10) +

''EXEC sp_addrolemember N'''''' + rp.name + '''''', N''''['' + mp.[name] + '']'''';
Go''
FROM sys.database_role_members a
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals rp ON rp.principal_id = a.role_principal_id
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals AS mp ON mp.principal_id = a.member_principal_id

OPEN cur

FETCH NEXT FROM cur INTO @@Script;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT @@Script
FETCH NEXT FROM cur INTO @@Script;
END

CLOSE cur;
DEALLOCATE cur;';
--Print @SQL
Exec sp_executesql @SQL;
--Set @@Script = ''
SET @Line = @Line + 1

END

DROP TABLE #Db
/******************************************************************************/